TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Certificate ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgment iv
Table of Contents vi
List of Tables ix
List of Figures x
List of Plates xi
Abstract xii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Aims and Objective of the Project 3
1.3 Justification of the Study 4
1.4 Scope of the Project 4
1.5 Proposed Methodology 5
CHAPTER TWO:
2.0. Literature Review
2.1 Preamble 6
2.2 Structure of Interlocking Paving Blacks 7
2.3 Various shapes of Interlocking Paving Blocks 10
2.4 Laying Patterns 13
2.5 Manufacturing of Interlocking Paving Blocks 16
2.6 Materials Involved 17
2.6.1 Granite (Stone Dust) 17
2.6.2 Cement 18
2.6.3 Interlocking Stone Treatment after Production 20
2.6.4 Water 20
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Procurement of the material components 22
3.2 Equipment used in interlocking paving stone
production 22
3.3 Mix Ratio 23
3.4 Determination of the Quantities of Materials 24
3.5 Sieve Analysis of the Material 24
3.6 Experimental Tests 25
3.6.1 Compressive strength test 25
3.6.2 Flexural Strength Test 26
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0. Analysis of Result and Discussion 29
4.1. Material Tests Performed on the Materials and
Samples 29
4.2. Material Tests 29
4.3. Determination of Quantity of Materials 30
CHAPTER FIVE:
5.0. Conclusions and Recommendations 38
5.1 Conclusions 38
5.2 Recommendation 39
References 40
LIST OF TABLES
Table 4.1: Composition of Constituent Material Per
Each Shape 32
Table 4.2: Sieve Analysis Result for Quarry Dust 33
Table 4.3: A Compressive strength result for the interlocking
paving stones 34
Table 4.4: Flexural strength properties of interlocking paving
blocks produced in laboratory 35
Table 4.5: Showing Flexural Strength properties of interlocking
paving blocks produced in laboratory 35
Table 4.6: Showing Flexural strength properties of interlocking
paving blocks produced in laboratory 36
Table: 4.7: Showing Flexural strength properties of interlocking
paving blocks produced in laboratory 36
Table: 4.8: Showing Flexural strength properties of interlocking
paving blocks produced in laboratory 37
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig 2.1a: Small element pavement structure 8
Fig 2.1b: Load spreading in the small element top
layer through shear forces in the joints 8
Fig 2.3a: Categories of Block shapes 11
Fig 2.4a: Types of laying patterns for concrete tiles 14
Fig 2.4b: Types of laying patterns for burnt clay bricks
and concrete blocks 16
Fig 4.1: Particle size distribution for quarry dust 43
LIST OF PLATES
Plate 1: Bubble Glover Interlock Tiles
Plate 2: Didalo Interlock Tiles
Plate 3: Double T Interlock Tiles
Plate 4: 3 Star Interlock Tiles
Plate 5: Land Roman Interlock Tiles
Plate 6A: Crushing of the materials in progress
Plate 6B: Crushing of the materials
ABSTRACT
Interlocking paving stone is a good surface material produce as a result of mixture of aggregate to produce a good workability surface. This research work investigates on how the shapes affect the strength after production. The materials used include cement, sharp sand, quarry dust or granite dust and water. The structural engineering properties investigated include compressive strength, flexural strength of each types of interlocking paving stone produced that is 3 Star, Double T, Land Roman, Bubble Glover and Didalo tiles respectively. The mix ratio of each stone was also investigated as well as the rate of crushing of the paving stone were noted. So, from the observation made from this project the average strength of the interlocking paving stone was found to be 5.7gN/mm2 and the highest strength received was found to be that of Bubble glover with a maximum strength of (6.39 N/mm2). While that of Double T (5.59N/mm2), 3 Star (5.39N/mm2), Land Roman (5.30N/mm2) and Digalo (5.19N/mm2)
